Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are small bioactive molecules derived from alginic acid in brown algae through enzymatic hydrolysis or degradation. They are characterized by high bioactivity, good absorbability, and excellent biosafety. In recent years, AOS have become an important functional component in the field of biostimulants due to their strong ability to induce plant immunity and enhance stress tolerance.
The core function of AOS is to “activate the plant’s innate immune system.” When plants are exposed to AOS, they recognize it as an exogenous signaling molecule and initiate defense responses in advance, thereby enhancing overall resistance to diseases and environmental stresses. This mechanism is similar to giving plants an “early warning system,” enabling them to enter a defensive state before pathogen infection or stress occurs.
AOS can induce systemic resistance in plants by promoting the accumulation of defense signaling molecules such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene, thereby activating whole-plant defense systems. At the same time, AOS significantly enhance the activity of defense-related enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). This improves the plant’s ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species, reduces oxidative cellular damage, and enhances stability and recovery under stress conditions.
In addition, AOS promote the formation of lignin and other structural compounds, strengthening cell walls and improving the plant’s physical barrier against pathogen invasion. They show good auxiliary effects in the management of root rot, blight, and gray mold diseases.
Beyond immune induction, AOS also exhibit significant growth-promoting effects. They stimulate root development, increase the number of fine roots, enhance nutrient uptake efficiency, and improve photosynthetic capacity, leading to greater dry matter accumulation and stronger overall plant growth.
Under abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and phytotoxicity, AOS help plants mitigate damage by regulating cellular osmotic balance, stabilizing cell membrane structure, and enhancing antioxidant capacity, thereby improving stress recovery.
Overall, AOS combine three major functions—immune induction, stress resistance, and growth promotion. As a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly biostimulant, they have broad application prospects in modern sustainable agriculture, reduced pesticide usage, and high-quality crop production.
Keywords: #brown algae #alginate oligosaccharides #stress resistance
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Soren Pei has long been engaged in technical research and industrial analysis in the field of agricultural biostimulants, focusing on the structural characteristics of bioactive molecules, their modes of action, and their performance within crop systems. By systematically reviewing key technological pathways, including amino acids, peptides, chitosanoligosaccharides, and seaweed-derived bioactives, he analyzes the stability and efficacy of different solutions in large-scale agricultural applications.
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